graphics: Lazy image processing (especailly for mobile platforms)

image.go

@@ -19,11 +19,9 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"image"
 	"image/color"
-	"runtime"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten/internal/graphics"
-	"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten/internal/graphics/opengl"
 )
 
 var imageM sync.Mutex
@@ -69,11 +67,16 @@ func (i *Image) Fill(clr color.Color) (err error) {
 }
 
 func (i *Image) fill(clr color.Color) (err error) {
-	if i.isDisposed() {
+	c := &fillCommand{
-		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
+		dst:   i,
+		color: clr,
 	}
-	i.pixels = nil
+	if imageCommandQueue != nil {
-	return i.framebuffer.Fill(glContext, clr)
+		imageCommandQueue = append(imageCommandQueue, c)
+		return
+	}
+	return c.Exec()
+
 }
 
 // DrawImage draws the given image on the receiver image.
@@ -119,15 +122,22 @@ func (i *Image) DrawImage(image *Image, options *DrawImageOptions) (err error) {
 
 	imageM.Lock()
 	defer imageM.Unlock()
-	if i.isDisposed() {
-		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
-	}
 	if i == image {
 		return errors.New("ebiten: Image.DrawImage: image should be different from the receiver")
 	}
-	i.pixels = nil
+	c := &drawImageCommand{
-	m := opengl.CompositeMode(options.CompositeMode)
+		dst:           i,
-	return i.framebuffer.DrawTexture(glContext, image.texture, vertices[:16*n], &options.GeoM, &options.ColorM, m)
+		src:           image,
+		vertices:      vertices[:16*n],
+		geoM:          options.GeoM,
+		colorM:        options.ColorM,
+		compositeMode: options.CompositeMode,
+	}
+	if imageCommandQueue != nil {
+		imageCommandQueue = append(imageCommandQueue, c)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.Exec()
 }
 
 // Bounds returns the bounds of the image.
@@ -148,11 +158,16 @@ func (i *Image) ColorModel() color.Model {
 //
 // This method loads pixels from VRAM to system memory if necessary.
 //
+// This method can't be called before the main loop (ebiten.Run) starts (as of version 1.4.0-alpha).
+//
 // This function is concurrent-safe.
 func (i *Image) At(x, y int) color.Color {
 	// TODO: What if At is called internaly (like from image parts?)
 	imageM.Lock()
 	defer imageM.Unlock()
+	if imageCommandQueue != nil {
+		panic("ebiten: At can't be called when the GL context is not initialized")
+	}
 	if i.isDisposed() {
 		return color.Transparent
 	}
@@ -178,26 +193,17 @@ func (i *Image) At(x, y int) color.Color {
 func (i *Image) Dispose() error {
 	imageM.Lock()
 	defer imageM.Unlock()
-	if i.isDisposed() {
+	c := &disposeCommand{
-		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
+		image: i,
 	}
-	if i.framebuffer != nil {
+	if imageCommandQueue != nil {
-		if err := i.framebuffer.Dispose(glContext); err != nil {
+		imageCommandQueue = append(imageCommandQueue, c)
-			return err
-		}
-		i.framebuffer = nil
-	}
-	if i.texture != nil {
-		if err := i.texture.Dispose(glContext); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		i.texture = nil
-	}
-	i.pixels = nil
-	runtime.SetFinalizer(i, nil)
 		return nil
 	}
+	return c.Exec()
+}
 
+// FIXME: This returns true when image is temporal state!
 func (i *Image) isDisposed() bool {
 	// i.texture can be nil even when the image is not disposed,
 	// so we need to check if both are nil.
@@ -215,15 +221,20 @@ func (i *Image) isDisposed() bool {
 func (i *Image) ReplacePixels(p []uint8) error {
 	imageM.Lock()
 	defer imageM.Unlock()
-	if i.isDisposed() {
-		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
-	}
 	// Don't set i.pixels here because i.pixels is used not every time.
 	i.pixels = nil
 	if l := 4 * i.width * i.height; len(p) != l {
 		return fmt.Errorf("ebiten: p's length must be %d", l)
 	}
-	return i.framebuffer.ReplacePixels(glContext, i.texture, p)
+	c := &replacePixelsCommand{
+		dst:    i,
+		pixels: p,
+	}
+	if imageCommandQueue != nil {
+		imageCommandQueue = append(imageCommandQueue, c)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.Exec()
 }
 
 // A DrawImageOptions represents options to render an image on an image.
@@ -248,27 +259,23 @@ type DrawImageOptions struct {
 func NewImage(width, height int, filter Filter) (*Image, error) {
 	imageM.Lock()
 	defer imageM.Unlock()
-
+	c := &newImageCommand{
-	texture, err := graphics.NewTexture(glContext, width, height, glFilter(glContext, filter))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	framebuffer, err := graphics.NewFramebufferFromTexture(glContext, texture)
-	if err != nil {
-		// TODO: texture should be removed here?
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	img := &Image{
-		framebuffer: framebuffer,
-		texture:     texture,
 		width:  width,
 		height: height,
+		filter: filter,
+		result: &Image{
+			width:  width,
+			height: height,
+		},
 	}
-	runtime.SetFinalizer(img, (*Image).Dispose)
+	if imageCommandQueue != nil {
-	if err := img.clear(); err != nil {
+		imageCommandQueue = append(imageCommandQueue, c)
+		return c.result, nil
+	}
+	if err := c.Exec(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return img, nil
+	return c.result, nil
 }
 
 // NewImageFromImage creates a new image with the given image (img).
@@ -282,23 +289,22 @@ func NewImage(width, height int, filter Filter) (*Image, error) {
 func NewImageFromImage(img image.Image, filter Filter) (*Image, error) {
 	imageM.Lock()
 	defer imageM.Unlock()
-
+	size := img.Bounds().Size()
-	texture, err := graphics.NewTextureFromImage(glContext, img, glFilter(glContext, filter))
+	w, h := size.X, size.Y
-	if err != nil {
+	c := &newImageFromImageCommand{
-		return nil, err
+		image:  img,
-	}
+		filter: filter,
-	framebuffer, err := graphics.NewFramebufferFromTexture(glContext, texture)
+		result: &Image{
-	if err != nil {
-		// TODO: texture should be removed here?
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	w, h := framebuffer.Size()
-	eimg := &Image{
-		framebuffer: framebuffer,
-		texture:     texture,
 			width:  w,
 			height: h,
+		},
 	}
-	runtime.SetFinalizer(eimg, (*Image).Dispose)
+	if imageCommandQueue != nil {
-	return eimg, nil
+		imageCommandQueue = append(imageCommandQueue, c)
+		return c.result, nil
+	}
+	if err := c.Exec(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return c.result, nil
 }

image_test.go

@@ -1,281 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2014 Hajime Hoshi
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package ebiten_test
-
-import (
-	. "github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten"
-	"image"
-	"image/color"
-	"image/draw"
-	_ "image/png"
-	"math"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-var ebitenImageBin = ""
-
-func openImage(path string) (image.Image, error) {
-	file, err := readFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	img, _, err := image.Decode(file)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return img, nil
-}
-
-func openEbitenImage(path string) (*Image, image.Image, error) {
-	img, err := openImage(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
-	}
-
-	eimg, err := NewImageFromImage(img, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
-	}
-	return eimg, img, nil
-}
-
-func diff(x, y uint8) uint8 {
-	if x <= y {
-		return y - x
-	}
-	return x - y
-}
-
-func TestImagePixels(t *testing.T) {
-	img0, img, err := openEbitenImage("testdata/ebiten.png")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	if got := img0.Bounds().Size(); got != img.Bounds().Size() {
-		t.Errorf("img size: got %d; want %d", got, img.Bounds().Size())
-	}
-
-	for j := 0; j < img0.Bounds().Size().Y; j++ {
-		for i := 0; i < img0.Bounds().Size().X; i++ {
-			got := img0.At(i, j)
-			want := color.RGBAModel.Convert(img.At(i, j))
-			if got != want {
-				t.Errorf("img0 At(%d, %d): got %#v; want %#v", i, j, got, want)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestImageComposition(t *testing.T) {
-	img2Color := color.NRGBA{0x24, 0x3f, 0x6a, 0x88}
-	img3Color := color.NRGBA{0x85, 0xa3, 0x08, 0xd3}
-
-	// TODO: Rename this to img0
-	img1, _, err := openEbitenImage("testdata/ebiten.png")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	w, h := img1.Bounds().Size().X, img1.Bounds().Size().Y
-
-	img2, err := NewImage(w, h, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	img3, err := NewImage(w, h, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	img2.Fill(img2Color)
-	img3.Fill(img3Color)
-	img_12_3, err := NewImage(w, h, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	img2.DrawImage(img1, nil)
-	img3.DrawImage(img2, nil)
-	img_12_3.DrawImage(img3, nil)
-
-	img2.Fill(img2Color)
-	img3.Fill(img3Color)
-	img_1_23, err := NewImage(w, h, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	img3.DrawImage(img2, nil)
-	img3.DrawImage(img1, nil)
-	img_1_23.DrawImage(img3, nil)
-
-	for j := 0; j < h; j++ {
-		for i := 0; i < w; i++ {
-			c1 := img_12_3.At(i, j).(color.RGBA)
-			c2 := img_1_23.At(i, j).(color.RGBA)
-			if 1 < diff(c1.R, c2.R) || 1 < diff(c1.G, c2.G) || 1 < diff(c1.B, c2.B) || 1 < diff(c1.A, c2.A) {
-				t.Errorf("img_12_3.At(%d, %d) = %#v; img_1_23.At(%[1]d, %[2]d) = %#[4]v", i, j, c1, c2)
-			}
-			if c1.A == 0 {
-				t.Fatalf("img_12_3.At(%d, %d).A = 0; nothing is rendered?", i, j)
-			}
-			if c2.A == 0 {
-				t.Fatalf("img_1_23.At(%d, %d).A = 0; nothing is rendered?", i, j)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestImageSelf(t *testing.T) {
-	img, _, err := openEbitenImage("testdata/ebiten.png")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	if err := img.DrawImage(img, nil); err == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("img.DrawImage(img, nil) doesn't return error; an error should be returned")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestImageDotByDotInversion(t *testing.T) {
-	img0, _, err := openEbitenImage("testdata/ebiten.png")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	w, h := img0.Size()
-	img1, err := NewImage(w, h, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	op := &DrawImageOptions{}
-	op.GeoM.Rotate(math.Pi)
-	op.GeoM.Translate(float64(w), float64(h))
-	img1.DrawImage(img0, op)
-
-	for j := 0; j < h; j++ {
-		for i := 0; i < w; i++ {
-			c0 := img0.At(i, j).(color.RGBA)
-			c1 := img1.At(w-i-1, h-j-1).(color.RGBA)
-			if c0 != c1 {
-				t.Errorf("img0.At(%[1]d, %[2]d) should equal to img1.At(%[3]d, %[4]d) but not: %[5]v vs %[6]v", i, j, w-i-1, h-j-1, c0, c1)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestReplacePixels(t *testing.T) {
-	origImg, err := openImage("testdata/ebiten.png")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	// Convert to RGBA
-	img := image.NewRGBA(origImg.Bounds())
-	draw.Draw(img, img.Bounds(), origImg, image.ZP, draw.Src)
-
-	size := img.Bounds().Size()
-	img0, err := NewImage(size.X, size.Y, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	img0.ReplacePixels(img.Pix)
-	for j := 0; j < img0.Bounds().Size().Y; j++ {
-		for i := 0; i < img0.Bounds().Size().X; i++ {
-			got := img0.At(i, j)
-			want := img.At(i, j)
-			if got != want {
-				t.Errorf("img0 At(%d, %d): got %#v; want %#v", i, j, got, want)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	p := make([]uint8, 4*size.X*size.Y)
-	for i, _ := range p {
-		p[i] = 0x80
-	}
-	img0.ReplacePixels(p)
-	for j := 0; j < img0.Bounds().Size().Y; j++ {
-		for i := 0; i < img0.Bounds().Size().X; i++ {
-			got := img0.At(i, j)
-			want := color.RGBA{p[4*i], p[4*i+1], p[4*i+2], p[4*i+3]}
-			if got != want {
-				t.Errorf("img0 At(%d, %d): got %#v; want %#v", i, j, got, want)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestImageDispose(t *testing.T) {
-	img, err := NewImage(16, 16, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	if err := img.Dispose(); err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("img.Dipose() returns error: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func min(a, b int) int {
-	if a < b {
-		return a
-	}
-	return b
-}
-
-func TestImageCompositeModeLighter(t *testing.T) {
-	img0, _, err := openEbitenImage("testdata/ebiten.png")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	w, h := img0.Size()
-	img1, err := NewImage(w, h, FilterNearest)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-		return
-	}
-	img1.Fill(color.RGBA{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04})
-	op := &DrawImageOptions{}
-	op.CompositeMode = CompositeModeLighter
-	img1.DrawImage(img0, op)
-	for j := 0; j < img1.Bounds().Size().Y; j++ {
-		for i := 0; i < img1.Bounds().Size().X; i++ {
-			got := img1.At(i, j).(color.RGBA)
-			want := img0.At(i, j).(color.RGBA)
-			want.R = uint8(min(0xff, int(want.R)+1))
-			want.G = uint8(min(0xff, int(want.G)+2))
-			want.B = uint8(min(0xff, int(want.B)+3))
-			want.A = uint8(min(0xff, int(want.A)+4))
-			if got != want {
-				t.Errorf("img1 At(%d, %d): got %#v; want %#v", i, j, got, want)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// TODO: Add more tests (e.g. DrawImage with color matrix)

imagecommand.go

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Hajime Hoshi
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ebiten
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"image"
+	"image/color"
+	"runtime"
+
+	"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten/internal/graphics"
+	"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten/internal/graphics/opengl"
+)
+
+// Commands are used only before the GL Context is created.
+
+type imageCommand interface {
+	Exec() error
+}
+
+var (
+	imageCommandQueue = []imageCommand{}
+)
+
+func execBufferedImageCommands() error {
+	imageM.Lock()
+	defer imageM.Unlock()
+	for _, c := range imageCommandQueue {
+		if err := c.Exec(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	imageCommandQueue = nil
+	return nil
+}
+
+type fillCommand struct {
+	dst   *Image
+	color color.Color
+}
+
+func (c *fillCommand) Exec() error {
+	if c.dst.isDisposed() {
+		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
+	}
+	c.dst.pixels = nil
+	return c.dst.framebuffer.Fill(glContext, c.color)
+}
+
+type drawImageCommand struct {
+	dst           *Image
+	src           *Image
+	vertices      []int16
+	geoM          GeoM
+	colorM        ColorM
+	compositeMode CompositeMode
+}
+
+func (c *drawImageCommand) Exec() error {
+	if c.dst.isDisposed() {
+		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
+	}
+	c.dst.pixels = nil
+	m := opengl.CompositeMode(c.compositeMode)
+	return c.dst.framebuffer.DrawTexture(glContext, c.src.texture, c.vertices, &c.geoM, &c.colorM, m)
+}
+
+type replacePixelsCommand struct {
+	dst    *Image
+	pixels []uint8
+}
+
+func (c *replacePixelsCommand) Exec() error {
+	if c.dst.isDisposed() {
+		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
+	}
+	return c.dst.framebuffer.ReplacePixels(glContext, c.dst.texture, c.pixels)
+}
+
+type disposeCommand struct {
+	image *Image
+}
+
+func (c *disposeCommand) Exec() error {
+	if c.image.isDisposed() {
+		return errors.New("ebiten: image is already disposed")
+	}
+	if c.image.framebuffer != nil {
+		if err := c.image.framebuffer.Dispose(glContext); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		c.image.framebuffer = nil
+	}
+	if c.image.texture != nil {
+		if err := c.image.texture.Dispose(glContext); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		c.image.texture = nil
+	}
+	c.image.pixels = nil
+	runtime.SetFinalizer(c.image, nil)
+	return nil
+}
+
+type newImageCommand struct {
+	result *Image
+	width  int
+	height int
+	filter Filter
+}
+
+func (c *newImageCommand) Exec() error {
+	texture, err := graphics.NewTexture(glContext, c.width, c.height, glFilter(glContext, c.filter))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	framebuffer, err := graphics.NewFramebufferFromTexture(glContext, texture)
+	if err != nil {
+		// TODO: texture should be removed here?
+		return err
+	}
+	c.result.framebuffer = framebuffer
+	c.result.texture = texture
+	runtime.SetFinalizer(c.result, (*Image).Dispose)
+	if err := c.result.framebuffer.Fill(glContext, color.Transparent); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type newImageFromImageCommand struct {
+	image  image.Image
+	filter Filter
+	result *Image
+}
+
+func (c *newImageFromImageCommand) Exec() error {
+	texture, err := graphics.NewTextureFromImage(glContext, c.image, glFilter(glContext, c.filter))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	framebuffer, err := graphics.NewFramebufferFromTexture(glContext, texture)
+	if err != nil {
+		// TODO: texture should be removed here?
+		return err
+	}
+	c.result.framebuffer = framebuffer
+	c.result.texture = texture
+	runtime.SetFinalizer(c.result, (*Image).Dispose)
+	return nil
+}

run.go

@@ -189,6 +189,10 @@ func run(f func(*Image) error, width, height, scale int, title string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	if err := execBufferedImageCommands(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	frames := 0
 	n := ui.Now()
 	beforeForUpdate := n