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Example for an orthogonal 2D camera (#1188)
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267
examples/camera/main.go
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267
examples/camera/main.go
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// Copyright 2020 The Ebiten Authors
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//
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// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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// You may obtain a copy of the License at
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//
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// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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//
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// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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// limitations under the License.
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// +build example jsgo
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package main
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import (
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"bytes"
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"fmt"
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"image"
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_ "image/png"
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"log"
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"math"
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"golang.org/x/image/math/f64"
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"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten"
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"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten/ebitenutil"
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"github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten/examples/resources/images"
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)
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const (
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screenWidth = 320
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screenHeight = 240
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)
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const (
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tileSize = 16
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tileXNum = 25
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)
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const (
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worldWidth = 480
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worldHeight = 320
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worldSizeX = worldWidth / tileSize
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)
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var (
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tilesImage *ebiten.Image
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)
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func init() {
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// Decode image from a byte slice instead of a file so that
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// this example works in any working directory.
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// If you want to use a file, there are some options:
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// 1) Use os.Open and pass the file to the image decoder.
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// This is a very regular way, but doesn't work on browsers.
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// 2) Use ebitenutil.OpenFile and pass the file to the image decoder.
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// This works even on browsers.
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// 3) Use ebitenutil.NewImageFromFile to create an ebiten.Image directly from a file.
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// This also works on browsers.
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img, _, err := image.Decode(bytes.NewReader(images.Tiles_png))
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if err != nil {
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log.Fatal(err)
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}
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tilesImage, _ = ebiten.NewImageFromImage(img, ebiten.FilterDefault)
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}
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type Camera struct {
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ViewPort f64.Vec2
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Position f64.Vec2
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ZoomFactor int
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Rotation int
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}
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func (c *Camera) String() string {
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return fmt.Sprintf(
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"T: %.1f, R: %d, S: %d",
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c.Position, c.Rotation, c.ZoomFactor,
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)
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}
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func (c *Camera) viewportCenter() f64.Vec2 {
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return f64.Vec2{
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c.ViewPort[0] * 0.5,
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c.ViewPort[1] * 0.5,
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}
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}
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func (c *Camera) worldMatrix() ebiten.GeoM {
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m := ebiten.GeoM{}
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m.Translate(-c.Position[0], -c.Position[1])
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// We want to scale and rotate around center of image / screen
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m.Translate(-c.viewportCenter()[0], -c.viewportCenter()[1])
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m.Scale(
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math.Pow(1.01, float64(c.ZoomFactor)),
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math.Pow(1.01, float64(c.ZoomFactor)),
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)
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m.Rotate(float64(c.Rotation) * 2 * math.Pi / 360)
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m.Translate(c.viewportCenter()[0], c.viewportCenter()[1])
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return m
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}
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func (c *Camera) Render(world, screen *ebiten.Image) error {
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return screen.DrawImage(world, &ebiten.DrawImageOptions{
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GeoM: c.worldMatrix(),
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})
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}
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func (c *Camera) ScreenToWorld(posX, posY int) (float64, float64) {
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inverseMatrix := c.worldMatrix()
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if inverseMatrix.IsInvertible() {
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inverseMatrix.Invert()
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return inverseMatrix.Apply(float64(posX), float64(posY))
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} else {
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// When scaling it can happend that matrix is not invertable
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return math.NaN(), math.NaN()
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}
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}
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func (c *Camera) Reset() {
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c.Position[0] = 0
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c.Position[1] = 0
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c.Rotation = 0
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c.ZoomFactor = 0
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}
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type Game struct {
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layers [][]int
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world *ebiten.Image
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camera Camera
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}
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func (g *Game) Update(screen *ebiten.Image) error {
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyA) || ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyLeft) {
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g.camera.Position[0] -= 1
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}
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyD) || ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyRight) {
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g.camera.Position[0] += 1
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}
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyW) || ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyUp) {
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g.camera.Position[1] -= 1
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}
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyS) || ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyDown) {
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g.camera.Position[1] += 1
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}
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyQ) {
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g.camera.ZoomFactor -= 1
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}
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyE) {
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g.camera.ZoomFactor += 1
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}
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeyR) {
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g.camera.Rotation += 1
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}
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if ebiten.IsKeyPressed(ebiten.KeySpace) {
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g.camera.Reset()
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}
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return nil
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}
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func (g *Game) Draw(screen *ebiten.Image) {
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// Draw each tile with each DrawImage call.
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// As the source images of all DrawImage calls are always same,
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// this rendering is done very effectively.
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// For more detail, see https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/hajimehoshi/ebiten#Image.DrawImage
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for _, l := range g.layers {
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for i, t := range l {
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op := &ebiten.DrawImageOptions{}
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op.GeoM.Translate(float64((i%worldSizeX)*tileSize), float64((i/worldSizeX)*tileSize))
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sx := (t % tileXNum) * tileSize
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sy := (t / tileXNum) * tileSize
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g.world.DrawImage(tilesImage.SubImage(image.Rect(sx, sy, sx+tileSize, sy+tileSize)).(*ebiten.Image), op)
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}
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}
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g.camera.Render(g.world, screen)
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worldX, worldY := g.camera.ScreenToWorld(ebiten.CursorPosition())
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ebitenutil.DebugPrint(
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screen,
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fmt.Sprintf("TPS: %0.2f\nMove (WASD/Arrows)\nZoom (QE)\nRotate (R)\nReset (Space)", ebiten.CurrentTPS()),
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)
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ebitenutil.DebugPrintAt(
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screen,
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fmt.Sprintf("%s\nCursor World Pos: %.2f,%.2f",
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g.camera.String(),
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worldX, worldY),
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0, screenHeight-32,
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)
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}
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func (g *Game) Layout(outsideWidth, outsideHeight int) (int, int) {
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return screenWidth, screenHeight
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}
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func main() {
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g := &Game{
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layers: [][]int{
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{
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 244, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 244, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 219, 243, 243, 243, 219, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 244, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 218, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 218, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 244, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243, 243,
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},
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{
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 288, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 303, 303, 245, 242, 303, 303, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 45, 46, 47, 48,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 70, 71, 72, 73,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 95, 96, 97, 98,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 120, 121, 122, 123,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 145, 146, 147, 148,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 267, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 268, 270, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 192, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 193, 222, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 245, 242, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
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},
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},
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camera: Camera{ViewPort: f64.Vec2{screenWidth, screenHeight}},
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}
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g.world, _ = ebiten.NewImage(worldWidth, worldHeight, ebiten.FilterDefault)
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ebiten.SetWindowSize(screenWidth*2, screenHeight*2)
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ebiten.SetWindowTitle("Tiles (Ebiten Demo)")
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if err := ebiten.RunGame(g); err != nil {
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log.Fatal(err)
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}
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}
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